DSL technologies
The line length limitations from telephone exchange to subscriber are more restrictive for higher data transmission rates. Technologies such as VDSL provide very high speed, short-range links as a method of delivering “triple play” services (typically implemented in fiber to the curb network architectures). Technologies likes GDSL can further increase the data rate of DSL.
Example DSL technologies (sometimes called xDSL) include:
* High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL), also covered in this article
* Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL), a standardised version of HDSL
* Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), a version of DSL with a slower upload speed
* ISDN Digital Subscriber Line (IDSL)
* Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line (RADSL)
* Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL)
* Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2 (VDSL2), an improved version of VDSL
* Symmetric High-speed Digital Subscriber Line (G.SHDSL), a standardised replacement for early proprietary SDSL by the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector
* Powerline Digital Subscriber Line (PDSL), a high speed powerline communications solution which modulates high speed data onto existing electricity distribution infrastructure
* UDSL
* Etherloop Ethernet Local Loop
* GDSL Gigabit DSL, based on binder MIMO technologies.